ASRock AB350 Pro with Ryzen 5 1600 wont post

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   The PSU is one of the most common culprits when it comes to post issues. A PSU is far more complex than simply the box everything gets power from. The PSU provides multiple power rails, 12v, 5v and 3.3v. If any one of these rails is malfunctioning (low, high or not working) the system can fail to post. If the 12v rail is working the system will power on, even if the other rails are not working correctly. 
The components of a PC will require certain voltages (like the CPU vcore) to be exact and while the regulator circuitry on the motherboard can correct some slight variance coming from the PSU, it can't compensate beyond a certain point. 

If the PSU is new then it is fairly unlikely to be the cause, the problem is that the same can be said about all the components. PSUs are about as likely to be defective out of the box as say RAM or a GPU. Better brands and higher end models will be less likely to be faulty at purchase but it can still happen. Manufacturers can't control what happens to a component once it leaves the factory. Items can be dropped in shipping, exposed to excessive humidity etc etc.

I hope that answers your question 

So if you are taking your parts back to the store to be tested then I would bring the PSU along too. Taking parts back to the store to be checked is always a good idea when you have the option and something isn't right. If the store charges for checking parts then get them to test the CPU and motherboard first, that combo is more likely to be the issue followed by GPU then PSU. If there is not additional fee then get them all tested for your peace of mind.

Good luck GizRev, let us know what happens.